Some months you barely notice it. Other months, the days before your period feel like a different version of you: shorter fuse, heavier body, a craving that will not leave. Most women know premenstrual symptoms well, yet few were ever told why they happen. Here is the simple version.
In one line
Premenstrual symptoms, or PMS, appear in the days before a period and ease once it starts. They are linked to the hormonal shifts of the cycle, they are very common, and they are worth taking seriously rather than pushing through in silence.
The most common signs
In the body: bloating, water retention and a heavier feeling, tender or swollen breasts, headaches, tiredness, skin breakouts, back or muscle aches, nausea and changes in appetite. In the mind: mood swings, irritability, tension, feeling low or anxious, trouble sleeping, feeling foggy, lower self esteem and difficulty concentrating. Every woman has her own mix, and it can change from month to month.
Why it happens
The exact cause of PMS is still not fully understood, and it is probably a mix of factors. The rise and fall of oestrogen and progesterone after ovulation plays a central role. Changes in serotonin, a brain messenger linked to mood, and in blood sugar and fluid balance may also be involved. Some women are more sensitive to these changes than others, and stress, sleep, caffeine and how active you are can all make symptoms feel stronger or lighter.
Simple habits that help
Keeping a note of your cycle for two or three months often shows a clear pattern, which makes the hard days easier to plan for. Regular physical activity, enough sleep, a balanced diet with meals that keep energy steady, and less salt and fewer stimulants such as coffee, tea and energy drinks in the days before a period are small steps many women find helpful.
When to see a doctor
Please see a doctor if lifestyle changes have not been enough and your symptoms affect your work, relationships or daily life, if your mood feels very low, or if nothing seems to help. A small number of women have a more severe form called premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and it deserves proper medical care.
Where we come in
PMS Hero by Dr. Vegan is made for the premenstrual phase, with shatavari, agnus castus, ashwagandha KSM-66, B vitamins and magnesium; vitamin B6 contributes to the regulation of hormonal activity, and it is taken every day, not only before your period. GUUD Flow is a daily multivitamin built for the whole cycle, with iron and active folate. For a full routine, the Cycle Care Kit brings GUUD Flow, PMS Hero and Debloat together. More in our mood collection and period cramps collection.
Your questions
Is PMS the same as period pain?
Not really. PMS comes before the period; cramps usually start with bleeding. Many women have both.
Why do I crave sugar before my period?
Cravings are a very common premenstrual sign. Meals with protein and fibre can help keep energy more stable.
Does PMS change with age?
It can. Many women notice it becomes stronger or different in their late thirties and forties, during perimenopause.
Written with care by Banat Nareng. It does not replace advice from your doctor or pharmacist. Sources: NHS, MSD Manual, American Family Physician.
